During the previous era of rapid globalization and relatively free trade, the primary goal of establishing global supply chains was to minimize costs and leverage comparative advantages. But as global geopolitical competition has intensified, major governments have erected trade barriers to shield their domestic industries. Export controls and other protectionist measures have led private and publ...

In 2026, South Korea’s 13 flagship industries are expected to follow divergent paths against a backdrop of moderate global growth, a slow recovery in world trade, and accelerating technological change. The information technology (IT) and emerging industries sectors — comprising the semiconductors, information and communications technology (ICT) devices, secondary batteries, and bioheal...

This study utilizes the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Multi-Regional Input-Output Database (MRIO) to analyze export flows of cross-border intermediate goods and indirectly estimate value-added exports. The findings of the analysis show that South Korea’s value-added exports to the United States are directly exposed to the impacts of the second Trump administration’s tariff policies. Thi...